What does an EPC rating mean?
An Energy Performance Certificate rates a home from A to G and estimates what it costs to run. Here's how to read one, and why it matters whether you're buying or selling.
In short: an EPC scores energy efficiency from A (best) to G (worst) and estimates annual running costs. A is rare, C is the modern benchmark, D is most common. The lower the rating, the higher the bills.
The A to G scale
- A & B, highly efficient, low bills. Usually new builds or heavily upgraded homes.
- C, good, and increasingly the standard buyers and policymakers aim for.
- D, the most common rating for UK housing stock, average running costs.
- E, F & G, inefficient, with noticeably higher heating bills and clear room to improve.
What the certificate actually tells you
Beyond the headline letter, an EPC estimates the home's annual energy costs, shows its current and potential rating, and lists recommended improvements with rough costs and savings. That makes it a quick read on what a home will cost to live in, and how much cheaper it could be.
Why it matters when buying
Two identical-looking homes can cost hundreds of pounds a year apart to heat. A weaker rating means higher bills, and potentially a renovation cost if you want to improve it, both fair points to factor into your offer.
Why it matters when selling
You legally need a valid EPC before you market your home, and energy efficiency increasingly influences buyers. A decent rating is worth highlighting; a poor one is worth understanding before a buyer raises it.
See the EPC, running costs and more
Energy rating, estimated bills, council tax and the full picture for any UK home.
Explore property reportsFrequently asked questions
What is a good EPC rating?
A or B is excellent and rare; C is good and increasingly the benchmark; D is the most common rating for UK homes. Anything at E, F or G points to higher running costs and is worth improving.
Do I legally need an EPC to sell my house?
Yes. You must have a valid EPC (they last 10 years) before you market a property for sale or rent in England and Wales. It's one of the first documents a seller needs.
Does a low EPC rating reduce a property's value?
It can affect buyer appetite and running costs, and energy efficiency is becoming more important to buyers and lenders. A poor rating isn't a dealbreaker, but it's a negotiating point and a future upgrade cost.
How can I improve my EPC rating?
The EPC itself lists recommended improvements with estimated costs and savings, commonly loft and cavity-wall insulation, a more efficient boiler or heating controls, LED lighting, and double glazing.